Final Exam Grades

FINAL EXAM GRADES	over 50
No	Total
2007480145	0
2007480115	0
2007460137	0
2007460097	33,7
2007300250	23
2007300067	41,3
2007300061	0
2007200112	28
2007104144	41,9
2007103874	34,4
2007103703	40,8
2007103655	44
2007103433	28,2
2007103310	38
2007103226	37,6
2007103031	38,5
2007103004	25
2007102530	36
2007102500	37,1
2007102470	46,5
2007102230	33,7
2007102215	42
2007102080	37,1
2007102047	30,1
2007102038	6,5
2007101942	36
2007101819	34
2007100640	27,5
2007100595	35
2007100583	19,5
2007100439	32,5
2007100421	36,5
2007100397	37
2007100295	29,3
2007100025	28,7
2007100016	43,7
2006200330	11,2
2006200327	37,1
2006200318	16,5
2006200145	22,4
2006200142	0
2006200133	17
2006200121	14
2006105056	26,5
2006105044	32
2006105041	0
2006105017	37,3
2006104999	24,3
2006104996	0
2006104921	30,5
2006104909	25,4
2006104777	27,3
2006104756	36,3
2006104747	0
2006104708	20,4
2006104678	31,3
2006104606	32,5
2006104597	0
2006104591	30,3
2006104585	0
2006104561	16,2
2006104558	23,7
2006104489	15
2006104480	0
2006104441	27,2
2006104432	30,2
2006104426	11,5
2006104363	29,8
2006104327	24,6
2006104312	18
2006104264	35
2006104201	43
2006104156	35,1
2006104141	29
2006104111	36,1
2006104093	27,5
2006104006	34,5
2006103994	28
2006103877	33,5
2006103865	0
2006103859	35,9
2006103790	38,3
2006103739	19,5
2006103694	11,2
2006103667	17,7
2006103655	29,7
2006103628	32,4
2006103625	28,5
2006103616	38,2
2006103583	0
2006103580	10,5
2006103565	36,5
2006103562	16
2006103559	44,4
2006103493	31,5
2006103478	0
2006103436	22,3
2006103430	26,5
2006103406	29,4
2006103391	20,8
2006103382	27,6
2006103340	0
2006103334	33,5
2006103313	30,9
2006103274	26,5
2006103205	12,5
2006103169	35,9
2006103166	36,3
2006103160	0
2006103145	26
2006103118	12,5
2006103115	33
2006103088	29,8
2006103082	0
2006103076	29,2
2006103070	23
2006103034	19,3
2006102998	25,5
2006102989	33
2006102941	19,1
2006102809	23
2006102803	27,1
2006102794	15
2006102785	0
2006102770	30,1
2006102731	0
2006102710	5,8
2006102674	0
2006102671	26,1
2006102596	39,3
2006102524	32,4
2006102521	14,5
2006102482	34,4
2006102455	10,5
2006102446	0
2006102419	23,5
2006102416	0
2006102413	27,6
2006102398	21,5
2006102389	30,5
2006102326	32,3
2006102320	42,4
2006102299	0
2006102284	26,6
2006102236	25,8
2006102230	34
2006102185	34,5
2006102167	7,5
2006102143	0
2006102140	22
2006102128	40,5
2006102122	16,5
2006102119	28,1
2006102107	22,6
2006102071	20,8
2006102062	0
2006102032	30,9
2006102026	40,8
2006102017	36,5
2006102005	36
2006101987	35
2006101978	16,8
2006101957	32,4
2006101945	0
2006101939	42,2
2006101933	27,2
2006101912	41,3
2006101864	25
2006101804	11,5
2006101753	32,5
2006101747	36,9
2006101699	23,2
2006101687	0
2006101675	29,5
2006101672	0
2006101666	26,4
2006101606	28,2
2006101582	38,6
2006101579	13,7
2006101552	39,9
2006101534	0
2006101528	27,1
2006101498	30,2
2006101456	0
2006101447	14
2006101429	13
2006101402	14,2
2006101348	22,1
2006101342	26
2006101327	20,9
2006101264	36,2
2006101252	11,5
2006101246	32
2006101243	0
2006101204	31,9
2006101126	22,9
2006101078	27,1
2006101075	36
2006101027	24,8
2006101015	0
2006100967	35,5
2006100943	27,2
2006100940	0
2006100922	38
2006100919	31,8
2006100913	21,4
2006100898	40
2006100886	38
2006100883	33
2006100880	0
2006100853	30,7
2006100850	36,4
2006100823	0
2006100793	0
2006100790	33
2006100766	5,5
2006100763	21,5
2006100664	0
2006100658	23
2006100640	0
2006100580	39
2006100562	45,5
2006100451	2,5
2006100439	14
2006100430	31,3
2006100346	0
2006100340	39,1
2006100307	0
2006100289	32
2006100265	39,7
2006100223	37,5
2006100211	0
2006100205	26,2
2006100178	34,9
2006100166	31,4
2006100136	17,8
2006100067	0
2006100004	0
2006000127	2
2006000124	0
2006000118	0
2006000106	41
2006000100	18,9
2006000097	0
2006000094	0
2006000088	36,2
2005300287	25
2005200069	0
2005104726	0
2005104444	0
2005104438	23,8
2005104288	28,9
2005104222	26
2005104189	23,1
2005104183	31,9
2005104147	37,2
2005104117	21,3
2005104003	29,3
2005103943	0
2005103919	0
2005103697	0
2005103679	34,5
2005103487	30
2005103286	0
2005103115	31,9
2005103091	27,5
2005102929	24,4
2005102902	23,5
2005102782	24,4
2005102704	31,5
2005102635	32
2005102629	7,5
2005102599	2
2005102572	22,5
2005102431	29
2005102404	19,4
2005102362	14
2005102260	26
2005102233	27,7
2005102188	31,3
2005102158	17
2005102041	24
2005101954	0
2005101873	24
2005101834	23,7
2005101789	28,4
2005101756	41,9
2005101729	36
2005101684	37,1
2005101603	38
2005101564	25
2005101468	13,5
2005101417	22,1
2005101384	8
2005101318	0
2005101276	29,4
2005101228	3,6
2005101153	29
2005101144	27,6
2005101066	0
2005101027	14,1
2005100892	28
2005100721	30,9
2005100697	34,5
2005100349	16,5
2005100229	0
2005100139	0
2005100130	32,8
2005000115	30,5
2005000113	10,5
2004300079	39,8
2004200051	11,5
2004104138	0
2004103547	0
2004103433	37
2004103430	37
2004102374	0
2004102269	0
2004102104	0
2004102002	40,7
2004101924	35,5
2004101474	24
2004100883	16
2004100301	0
2003200197	26,5
2003103427	0
2003102932	0
2003101807	15
2003100619	26,1
2003100502	0
2003000215	0
2002102617	0
2002102572	3,1
2002100307	0
2001103358	14,4
2001102023	0
2000100652	0
9900223	0
Average:	27,6053

HIST 105 MAKE UP ANNOUNCEMENT

The Make Up will be held on Wednesday (January 23, 2008). Students must bring their student ID cards.

Place: TB 260
Time: 9:00- 11:45 (2h. 45 m.)

FINAL ANNOUNCEMENT

The Final will be held on January 12, 2008. Each student must take the exam in the assigned room. Those students whose names are not on the room list will not be admitted to the exam in that room.

ALİ ABA- DUYGU CANKILIÇ (YD 106)
KORAY CAN CANUT- EMRE EMİN EKİN (YD 116)
HAMİDE ERAVCI-TUĞBA KARASU (YD 206)
FERHAT KARDAŞ- MEHMET KURTOĞLU(YD 302)
ELİF KURTULUŞ-OSMAN ÖZARSLAN(YD 304)
MÜGE ÖZBEK-YASEMİN TAHTALI(YD 306)
DİLARA TAJİK-GÜRKAN ZORER(YD 406)

Students must bring their student ID cards.

THE GENGHISID WORLD EMPIRE / ÇIĞDEM KAFESCIOĞLU

Mongol rule and successor states, 13th, 14th centuries

1.
Mongol tribal confederacy under Genghis (Cengiz), the Great Khan, or Khagan (Hakan), 1206. Capital city: Karakorum

Conquests in China, Central Asia and Iran, Russia and Eastern Europe, Mesopotamia and Syria

Khanates:
* Golden Horde in Russia
* Ilkhans in Iran; Centered in Tabriz and Sultaniyya
(Sack of Baghdad, 1258)
* Mongol Yuan dynasty in China; Kubilai Khan (1260-1294);

Capital of the great khanate: Khanbalik (modern Beijing)
* Chagatai khanate


2.
Connections across Eurasia through the “Pax Mongolica”

Consolidation of global trade network; radical increase in volume of trade across Eurasia

Silk road, controlled and secured by the Mongol rule: creates space for the exchange of luxury goods, for cultural encounters between the Mediterranean and Asia, for the transfer of technology and science

Mongol decline renders land routes dangerous; explorations of sea routes to shape emerging early modern world

Timurid invasions, 1360’s - 1405


3.
Mongol legacy

Cultural eclecticism and inclusivism of Mongol rulers across Asia; east Asian cultural forms travel west. Appropriations of local cultural forms by newly established Mongol polities

Genghisid notions of world rule: to shape notions of world rule in the late medieval and early modern Turco-Persian world, in the Timurid, Ottoman, Mughal empires

MEDIEVAL SOUTH ASIA: SUFIS, SULTANS,RAJAS / MELTEM TOKSÖZ

GREAT MIGRATIONS

The Aryan Migrations of Indo-Europeans took place between 4000-1000 BC

The Aryans called the indigenous people, DRAVIDIANS

The two groups intermarried, interacted and laid social and cultural foundations that evolved into the complexity of South Asia

Sanskrit into Hindi, Bengali, Urdu and others

HINDUISM

Ritualistic Brahmanism : a rigid structure 1500-1000 BC

THE SECOND PERIOD 1000 - 500 BC

Encyclopedia BRAHMANAS

Epics MAHABARATA and RAMAYANA

800 BC Upanishads : mystical understanding as opposed to caste and ritual : asceticism and personal god

6th century BC- Jainism and Buddhism

SOUTH ASIAN CLASSICAL ERA : MAURYA and GUPTA

326 BC Alexander the Great with his Macedonian army invades the north

This newcomer force pushes for the first dynastic empire: 800 years, One of the RAJ becoming EMPEROR : The first is Maurya Dynasty, Asoka one that recognizes and spreads Buddhism

GUPTA Dynasty 320-540 after which political parcellization again, rise of rajputs as military aristocracies

Jainism and Buddhism

6th century BC - spritual leaders Mahavira and Buddha offered answers

To the rigidity of Brahmanism

To the difficult-to-follow path of asceticism in the Upanishads

To the individualistic nature of devotion to personal gods

Mahavira: everything with a soul, requiring respect

Buddha: Suffering is the essence of life, no afterlife

MEDIEVAL INDIA

6th to 15th centuries, political and religious diversity

Small kingdoms and military aristocracies,

RAJPUTS and autonomous villages

Scholasticism and ritualistic religion

8th century Abbasid invasion from the north

Central Asian Islam penetrates via raids & sufism

1000 afghano-turkic islamic raids

Turks, Afghans, Persians and Mongols entered into India, most prominently from Ghazni (today in Afghanistan)with Mahmud of Ghazni (998-1030) making the Punjabi region a gateway to Islam

North Indians, low-caste Hindus and Buddhists converted

THE DELHI SULTANATE

The first Muslim state 1206 in Delhi by Qutb-ud-din Aybak constantly expanding and contracting

Mixing very well with the indidgenous populaces

Divided into 5 dynasties : the Tughluqs were crushed by Timur from Samarkand (1398-99) desolating the entire sultanate but the last dynasty (Lodis) nonetheless survived until 1526

The Delhi Sultanate : saving South Asia from the Empire of Cengiz Khan but establishing a stronger Mongol legacy together with Islam

After the Mongols

The vast Mongol realm dissolved after Cengiz Han : his imperial venture brought the societies of Eurasia into closer contact

Turkic peoples resumed campaigns with Timur (14th and 15th centuries) who built a central asian empire that collapsed after his death but deeply influenced the coming muslim empires (Mughal, Safavid and Ottoman)

MEDIEVAL ENCOUNTERS/AHMET ERSOY

12/10/2007

LECTURE I: The Greco-Roman Legacy in the Medieval World
AHMET ERSOY

The Medieval Euro-Mediterranean world as an undivided cultural space of contact and exchange – an area of “cultural symbiosis”

Uninterrupted Mediterranean trade and lively commercial networks during the expansion of Islam in the region

The Crusades and the Islamic expansion as attempts (of Northern/Western Europe and the Arabic speaking regions) to draw closer to the center of the world – the rise of new contact zones along frontier regions

Rising culture of coexistence (“convivencia”) in Andalusia (Southern Iberian peninsula)

“mozarabs” – Arabized Christians under Islamic rule

The culture of “convivencia” appropriated by Christian Spanish kingdoms through the “reconquest” of Andalusia

“mudejar” – Muslim diaspora living under Christian rule in Spain

Cultural hybridity (coexistence of Arab, Latin, Greek and Germanic elements) in Sicily and Southern Italy under Norman rule (11^th-13^th centuries)

12/12/2007

LECTURE II: Medieval Encounters: Conflict and Coexistence
AHMET ERSOY

Two Medieval Renaissances (with common Graeco-Roman roots) engendered by:

i) The Arabic (Early Abbasid) translation movement (8^th-10^th centuries) - Baghdad

ii) The Latin translation movement (southern/western Europe) (12^th-13^th centuries) – Toledo, Sicily, Naples

The Arabic translation movement initiated by Caliph al-Mansur (r. 754-775), supported by Harun ar-Rashid (r. 786-809), and culminating at the time of Caliph al-Ma’mun (r. 813-833)

Channels for the transmission of Ancient knowledge in the Abbasid world:

i) Greek/Hellenistic centers of learning: Alexandria, Tarsus, Antioch, Harran (the Sabians)

ii) Sasanian (Zoroastrian) centers of Hellenistic learning in Persia

iii) Syriac-speaking Biblical centers: Edessa (Urfa), Nisibis (Nizip), Mosul

12/14/2007

LECTURE III: Medieval Encounters: Trade and Material Culture
AHMET ERSOY

The full incorporation of the “rationalist school” in Greek philosophy (Platonian idealism, Aristotelian logic and dialectical argument) into Islamic thought by 11^th century – Complex Aristotelian methods of discussion fully absorbed into doctrines of Islamic law and theology

The crucial role played by Ibn Sina (Avicenna) (d. 1037) in the integration of Greek philosophy into Islamic theology and kalam (field of theological discussion) – Aristotelian logic and disputation (munazarah) becoming essential to the curricula of the madrasa, the newly instituted centers of learning in the Islamic world (11^th century)

The appropriation of Greek knowledge in Europe through Arabic translations and commentaries during the High Medieval translation movement

New knowledge (derived from Classical works and original scientific/philosophical sources from the Islamic world) disseminated in Europe through new institutions of higher learning in the 12^th century: The university / “universitas” (Bologna, Paris) and college (Sorbonne, Oxford)

The rise of a new practice of learning and systematic method of reasoning: “scholasticism” – highly informed by Aristotelian forms of dialectical argumentation

Thomas Aquinas (c. 1225-1275) as the most prominent representative of scholastic thought – reconciling Greek philosophy and Christian theology